Socialisation — educates children the values of society. Economic pools resources for all family members to share. Parsons uses the analogy of a warm bath to describe the family. He also thinks of it as gendered roles. Men act as the breadwinner and also have the instrumental role — providing but women have the expressive role, this allows the family to function correctly. They may be ignoring every other family such as single parents. Murdoch believes that a functioning family is the key to a functioning society.
He uses a metaphor to explain this; society is like the body, if one part, say the heart, does not function properly then the whole body cannot function. This is through no fault of their own, it is simple a result of the time period that they were from. Part one: Murdoch and Parsons are both functionalists, they both see the family in the same way as being integral to the functioning of the social body.
Murdoch believed that the nuclear family was the ideal family and based his biews on this. The nuclear family has four distinct functions for example: sexual, reproduction, socialisation and economic. This is because the male in the household has to go out to work into the cold and hard environment.
The warm bath is something you come home to and look forward to it, just like a family. Part two: Murdoch and Parsons are not taking into consideration that fact that the mother and father may be divorced or unhappy in the relationship and wish to divorce.
Sometimes staying in a relationship just for the fact that its what society expects of you isnt necessarily the best thing for anyone. Also being a single parent family means for example, the mother going out to work, looking after the children and cleaning the house too.
They both believe in the theory that the family is the primary agent of socialisation. Murdoch believes this especially. He also believes that the family is key to the social body and that without the family it would indeed fail.
They also believe that economic, sexual, reproduction and socialisation are the kay features that a family is needed for. This in essence is the idea that within a family, gendre plays a key part to whom a persons role should be within that family. For example if you are the wife or mother in the family you are a carer of the family and would be expected to do all the housework like cleaning and cooking.
Parson has compared family life to a warm bath. He has likened the ideas of being in your comfort zone when you step into a bath at the end of a long hard day at work of that to being in your comfort zone when coming home at the end of a long hard day. Where a person is relaxed and completely comfortable with themselves within their surroundings.
Also the theories assume that every person is happy with their family and the role they play within it. He concluded that the nuclear family is the ideal model and it consists of four key functions these are, sexual, reproduction, socialisation and economic. For example if the mother was single then she would have to work to support her family and look after her children, and do the housework.
This means that she is having to take on the expressive and instrumental roles. Parsons compared the family to warm bath, metaphorically speaking, it is a way of saying family life, should be relaxed, and a nice, warm environment to be in.
Within the family, there are roles which are split and influenced by gender. Parsons and Murdoch may be ignoring the fact that families are splitting up, within divorce, more and more. This has become a more common way of living, and for Murdoch, has cancelled out one of the four functions, and in this effect, this would seem that the family would not be functional.
Parsons theory has also been disturbed through this, through living in single parent families, he may feel that children may not be socialised in the appropriate way, due to one parent families.
Both Murdock and Parsons saw family life as simple and well rounded. The stereotypical nuclear family that they viewed included obvious roles for men and women. The mother was the career. She stays at home in the day to clean and look after the children; she does all the stereotypical roles of a mother. It describes the family as a warm bath that comforts you when you get in it.
Just like when you get home from work you are entering a warm bath. A relaxing environment. Murdoch and parsons both have theories about the nuclear family, they ignore other families. Although they are both functionalists they have different views. If that were to fail all of society will. He made four main functions; reproduction, sexual activity, economy and socialization.
Parsons believe there is a key role in teaching children and seeing what is right and wrong, and therefore socializing them and teaching tem what is expected of tem in society.
For example; single parent families. So without the family society would not work and collapse. They both seem to be ignoring the fact that there are different types of family, such as reconstituted and single parent families. Both Murdoch and Parsons have a functionalist view on the family, which means they believe the family is an integral part to the functioning of society. The family is a functional prerequisite, which means it is needed for everything else to function within socety, such as schools.
Parsons view is similar, and that the family is essential to provide socialisation to children, and to teach them morals with what is right and what is wrong. The previous theories of Murdochs and Parsons are based ona nuclear family. However, in more recent times there is more diversity within families, so there is other families such as reconstitued, extended and single parent families. They see the family as a unit with each and every one with their own separate role to play depending on there gender.
They say that the family is ket to society in teaching children how to act and behave such as primary socilisation they also say that the family is key to society as it is the back bone and with out it society would fall apart.
I think that they are ignoring single perents as they have to play the part of both roles they have ot be the bread winner and be expressive. They need to find time for their family as well as working to support it. Murdoch views the family as being the main part in which soeciety is to work well. Without the family society would not function properly and it would break down. This is because the family is the giver of primary socialisation, therefore teaching the basics to childrens and also teaching them morals.
For Parsons, the family plays a key or intrumental role in teaching children what is the right and wrong thing to do. It is also the primary agent of socialisation as it teaches children what society expects of them in a warm secure environment. This role can be stressful and can cause some men to break down.
Therefore the woman are there to relieve the burden or tension from the mens shoulders by providing love and understanding. Without these two roles the family would not function properly. This is because there are also reconstituted familys and extended familys in the society today. Also some families might not get with each other, therefore resulting in more stress caused. Finally the stereotype of the mums staying at home doing housework, while the dad goes out to work is not always true in every household.
Today, a lot of woman go out to work to earn money for themselves, while the dad does his bit around the house. However, Murdochs theory in particular focuses on 4 particular aspects which are a key to a successful family; reproduction, sexual needs, socailisation and economic needs. The evidence he used to support this theory was through his research whereby he studied communities and found that without these 4 key point the family could not function properly.
Murdoch views the family as keeping the society from not functioning well, this is because the family provides primary socialisation to keep society functioning. A single parent would have to provide love and care towards their family whilst also working to provide an income to support the family in their home. The mum is the expressive role, and she does all the caring and cooking. Whereas the dad is the instumental role and does stereotypical mans jobs such as DIY. In general, conflict theorists tend to study areas of marriage and life that involve inequalities or discrepancies in power and authority, as they are reflective of the larger social structure.
Basically, she found that in couples where both men and women work outside the home, women came home and started an additional shift that included cooking, cleaning, caring for children, and a variety of other domestic tasks. In contrast, male partners completed their first shift and typically came home and did not do much additional work.
This type of imbalanced division of labor helped sociologists to explain the shifting dynamics in a home where both adults work outside the home and the ways in which gender roles norms are contested. Interactionists view the world in terms of symbols and the meanings assigned to them LaRossa and Reitzes The family itself is a symbol. To some, it is a father, mother, and children; to others, it is any union that involves respect and compassion. Interactionists stress that family is not an objective, concrete reality.
Like other social phenomena, it is a social construct that is subject to the ebb and flow of social norms and ever-changing meanings. These meanings are more free-flowing, and reflect changing family roles. Interactionists also recognize how the family status roles of each member are socially constructed, playing an important part in how people perceive and interpret social behavior.
These roles are open to interpretation. Watch the selected clip from this video to review how each of the schools of thought think about family and marriage. Improve this page Learn More.
Skip to main content. Module Marriage and Family. List of Partners vendors. Share Flipboard Email. By Ashley Crossman. Updated March 03, Featured Video.
Cite this Article Format. Crossman, Ashley. Expressive Roles and Task Roles. The Definition of Marriage in Sociology. What Is Nationalism?
Definition and Examples. The Cult of Domesticity: Definition and History. The Concept of Collective Consciousness. Understanding Socialization in Sociology. Overview of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft in Sociology. Patriarchal Society According to Feminism.
0コメント